An often unanticipated result of user account deletion, orphaned classes in Google Classroom keep cropping in Google Workspace forums and support desks across the education ecosystem. Schools likely don’t know they have this problem until it becomes a larger issue.
In this article you will learn:
What are orphaned classes in Google Classroom?
How can you prevent orphaned classes?
How to restore a recently deleted user
How can you find and fix orphaned classes?
What are orphaned classes in Google Classroom?
When a user account is deleted, Google Workspace prompts the admin to transfer user data (Drive, Calendar, and Google+) to another user account. The transfer does not include Google Classroom classes, so any active classes owned by a deleted user enter an orphaned state, showing Unknown User as the owner on the Classroom homepage, and in the stream.
The bigger problem, is that orphaned classes are still active (non-archived) classes for students. Students can continue to communicate to other students in the classes stream if the settings permit students to post and comment. This scenario leaves student communication essentially unchecked, and it is likely that district admin will not realize orphaned classes even exist until there is a problem.
How can you prevent orphaned classes?
You can take action on orphaned classes, and it is best to be proactive rather than reactive. Once you delete a Classroom owner, it’s much harder to fix orphaned classes.
First, let’s outline what happens in Google Classroom for a deleted user account:
- Any active classes remain visible to students.
- The teacher changes to Unknown user in the Stream and Classwork pages.
- The teacher account disappears completely from the People page.
Because the class has entered this orphaned state, there are limitations on the actions to take against it via standard remediation routes, like the Classroom API Explorer and GAM. While you can remove students and change the state (delete or archive the class), you cannot add students or co-teachers to the class nor change its primary owner. This can be a major problem if you need to retain the integrity of the class for the new teacher or student and teacher communications in the Stream. After deleting the primary teacher, existing co-teachers can still access the class, but you cannot transfer ownership.
To prevent orphaned classes from becoming an issue in your district, we first recommend avoiding the deletion of teacher accounts, opting instead to suspend them. While this is best practice for general information retention, it also prevents Google Classroom classes from entering an orphaned state. Because classes connected to a suspended teacher account do not fall prey to any issues that affect deleted users. While the account is suspended, you can use the API methods listed above, or tools like Little SIS for Classroom, to make bulk ownership changes on the user’s Google Classroom classes.
If you do delete user accounts after a time, it is best practice to ensure that the users do not own any active or archived classes before you delete them. You can do this by making a simple list request in the API Explorer, or through the Explorer in Little SIS. If you find a user owns classes, it’s recommended that you then transfer ownership to a placeholder account or by changing the primary teacher for the classes.
How to restore a recently deleted user
Have no fear, if you have deleted the user within the past 20 days, they can be recovered with their Classroom ownership restored, and you can take steps to resolve the issue before permanent deletion.
How can you find and fix orphaned classes?
If you’ve deleted user accounts, and you later find that they are the owner of Google Classroom classes, you’ve unfortunately entered orphaned Classroom purgatory. There are some steps that you can take in a pinch, but they will not retain or grant access to the Classroom Stream.
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Filter Explorer for orphaned classes: Go to the Classroom Explorer, filter the Teacher Name column for Unknown. Classes without a teacher show Unknown Teacher.
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Print a report of orphaned classes: There is not an orphaned classes report within Insights, but you can export Explorer to CSV. After filtering for orphaned classes, to preserve the list of orphaned classes, check the classes checkboxes, then right-click and select Grid actions > Export selected classes to CSV. Go to your Downloads folder to open the export.
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Clear rosters vs. archive vs. delete: We recommend archiving classes rather than deleting. You can’t restore a deleted class. Best practice is to archive those classes. Clearing rosters for classes is only available for Archived classes.
- Archive - You can archive selected classes or archive classes in Bulk. Archiving a class does not get rid of the content in the Stream, but does remove the students’ ability to access it. If there was a co-teacher in the Classroom, they can still access the class and Stream data. You cannot, however, add a co-teacher at this point. You can also remove the students from the Classroom via the same methods, but you will not be able to add a new student to the class.
- Archiving a class removes it from teachers’ and students’ Classroom homepage. The class moves to a separate area to preserve class materials, student work, and posts.
- Teachers and students can still view an archived class. To use the class again, the teacher can restore it.
- Teachers and students can access class materials for an archived class within the Google Drive folder.
- Students can’t unenroll from an archived class.
- Google Calendar retains the class calendar for teachers and students. Users can remove the calendar from view or permanently delete it.
- An archived class stays in Google Classroom unless the primary teacher deletes it.
- Delete - You can delete selected classes or delete classes in Bulk. While you are able to delete orphaned classes, if there are students in the class and thus any possibility of Stream data, deleting the class will also permanently delete this data. This is not recommended except in cases where classes are devoid of students, or you’re sure there is no data in the Stream that may need to be retained.
- Deleting a class removes it from Google Classroom. You can’t restore a deleted class.
- Teachers and students can no longer access class posts or comments. Assignment grades are lost.
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Clear rosters - Clearing the roster or removing all students from an ARCHIVED Google Classroom can be done for various reasons depending on the specific situation and requirements. Clearing an orphaned class is a valid reasons to clear a roster. This bulk action offers an effective way to remove all students from the classroom and reset it to its initial state. In the Bulk Clear Roster stepper, step 2, filter the Primary Teacher column for Unknown to isolate orphaned classes.
- Archive - You can archive selected classes or archive classes in Bulk. Archiving a class does not get rid of the content in the Stream, but does remove the students’ ability to access it. If there was a co-teacher in the Classroom, they can still access the class and Stream data. You cannot, however, add a co-teacher at this point. You can also remove the students from the Classroom via the same methods, but you will not be able to add a new student to the class.
| Document Version | Date | Description of Change |
| 1.0 | 4/12/2024 | Rewrote to include export to CSV in lieu of a report, verified article |
| 1.1 | 6/19/2024 | updated heading to find and fix |
| 1.2 | 6/27/2024 | Removed image of unknown posting in stream and verified |